Introduction:
In order to develop an eco-system capable of achieving sustainable production without relying on artificial external addons-like chemical fertilizers and pesticides, organic coconut farming employs a system of farm management. Producing high-quality goods with no chemical residues while maintaining soil fertility is the major goal of organic coconut farming. These are accomplished by the rotational cultivation of suitable intercrops beneath coconuts, the recycling of palm wastes, adequate plowing, and water management techniques.
The treatment of pests and weeds is achieved by promoting bioremediation through a healthy host-predator interaction, increasing the population of helpful insects, and mechanically removing the diseased plant sections.
We will be discussing all these points in detail further in this blog, for a better understanding.
Prerequisite knowledge for starting your work in this field-
It is important to be familiar with important information that one needs to possess before setting foot in this sector as it will leave less room for confusion and neglect. Also, you would be able to perform better and generate better profits once you understand what needs to be done and what needs to be avoided.
Soil and Climate Requirement
Different types of soil are proven to support the growth of the coconut. Proper circulation, good water-holding capacity, the existence of a water table within three meters, the lack of rock or any other hard substratum within two meters of the surface, and good water-holding capacity are the optimum soil characteristics for greater plant development and palm performance. The development of coconut palms is greatly influenced by a wide range of variables, including flow, soil depth, soil quality, and site layout. The main soil types that sustain coconut in India include alluvial, laterite, sandy loam, and coastal sandy soil.
A tropical environment is ideal for the growth of the coconut tree. Long stretches of hot, dry weather, harsh winters, and extreme temperature ranges are not ideal for coconut cultivation. It is desirable to have evenly distributed rainfall with a range of 100 to 300 cm. The ideal temperature for healthy development and high production is a mean yearly temperature of 27°C. When the average temperature drops below 21°C, the yield decreases.
Selection of Coconut
The chosen cultivars ought to be well suited to the agroecological circumstances of the chosen location. All plant material, including seeds, must be organically grown. There is a limited amount of organic coconut farming, and it takes at least an additional five years for certified plots to produce seed nuts. Until then, seed nuts from conventionally growing plants that have not been chemically treated may be utilized.
Planting process
Coconut trees are propagated through seedlings grown from chosen seed nuts. Coconut planting is typically done with seedlings that are 9 to 12 months old. When seedlings are Nine to 12 months old, choose ones with six to eight leaves and a collar girth of 10 to 12 cm. Another factor to consider while selecting Coconut seedlings is early leaf splitting. Coconut seedlings can be transferred during the start of the southwest monsoon. If irrigation is available, planting should begin at least one month before the commencement of the monsoon. Planting can then begin before the arrival of the northeast rainfall. In low-lying locations that flood during the monsoon, replanting can be performed after the rains stop. Plant the seedling within the pit, then fill with dirt and push it well to prevent water stagnation.
Pests and Diseases Control
Coconut palms may be severely damaged by bud rust and leaf rot. One should be on the lookout for signs of any kind and take appropriate control measures. Close planting should be avoided, and the tree should be kept clean and weed-free. At least once every year, the fronds must be removed. To maintain coconut palms healthy, provide adequate drainage and offer them a well-balanced diet. Pests are affected by the environment and the crops that grow there.
How to Harvest
The mature coconut must be picked one month early before it is fully matured. Coconut harvesting is dangerous and specialized work. Every year, between two and six harvestings are possible. 12 months just after the spathe has opened, coconuts are fully ripe. The coconut tree has a 60-year average economic life.
Some of the doubts that you might have regarding this topic-
- Is coconut grown every year?
Coconuts are an evergreen crop. Global climate change, soil deterioration, and the aging of palm trees (which causes senility in farms) are all essential elements assuring the longevity of coconut production.
- How much water is required by a coconut tree?
Every day, each coconut tree needs 55 to 120 liters of water daily. Since irrigation is scarce, using drip irrigation is the best alternative for wisely using this resource.
- How can coconut yield be increased naturally?
To increase coconut production, mix calotrophics gigantean (1 kg), kolingi (1 kg), pothakalli (1 kg), fish meal (1 kg), salt (1 kg), and sand in a tractor-trailer basin.
- What is the coconut palm’s typical lifespan?
The lifespan of a palm tree is 50 to 60 years on average. The nuts from these coconut trees are green, orange, and yellow, while the coconuts themselves are tiny and spherical or ovoid in form.
- A prosperous coconut plantation
The coconut tree can have a 60-year economic life. An 11-year-old coconut shrub may produce roughly 60 nuts every day. Therefore, commercially growing coconut palms is profitable and a reliable source of revenue.
Final words
Starting a new business may appear to be an impossible endeavor from a distance, but as you become more familiar with the fundamentals, your confidence and knowledge will also begin to grow. Therefore, it’s vital that you maintain your focus and discipline after a strong start. You now have a solid grasp of the key elements and essentials needed to thrive in this industry. For further information, you can check out the ffreedom app and find a variety of courses and modules in this industry for a clearer and better comprehension.
